Climate change scenarios, their impacts and implications on Indian cardamom-coffee hot spots; one of the two in the world

In this study, we investigated climatic parameters and predicted future changes in precipitation atmospheric temperature levels based on RCP4. 5/8.5 scenarios all cardamom-coffee hot spots of southern India. Our results showed more patterns occurred Cardamom hills (Kerala), followed by lower Puleny Tamil Nadu. The least variation has been noticed for temperate upper Kodagu Karnataka. RCP4.5/8.5 scenario analysis greater variability precipitation, up to 180% increase 90% decrease sports. also extreme variations ranging from 0.5 8.5°C the entire study region. A significant change coffee yield quality recorded over last 30 years. Increased trends were (CH) hills, but significantly production was observed Pulney hills. mixed response primarily attributed ongoing changing factors. Ecophysiological studies coffee, cardamom, black pepper have proved that would adapt well challenging conditions, closely cardamom pepper. Since coffee-cardamom India undergoes considerable pattern, necessary precautions, including water irrigation management strategies, must be given utmost priority crop sustainability these delicate